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2題化學求助,謝謝!
Aug 21st 2013, 13:09

1.
設甲A2OX,O占69.6%,A占30.4%
乙A2OY,O占63.2%,A占36.8%

利用倍比定律
若兩元素可以生成兩種或兩種以上的化合物時,在這些化合物中,一元素的質量固定,則另一元素的質量成簡單整數比。 

設兩化合物皆為n(克)
並將A質量固定
甲A2OX,O占(69.6/30.4)n(克),A占n克(等比例增加)
乙A2OY,O占(63.2/36.8)n(克),A占n克(等比例增加)

(69.6/30.4):(63.2/36.8)=X:Y=4:3
甲A2O4,O占69.6%=O的質量/A2O4分子量=16*4/A2O4分子量
A2O4分子量=92
(92-16*4)/2=14
A的原子量為14 

2.
PV=nRT
R不變(常數)
T題目給不變
n因為灌入的氣體量固定而不變
因此PV成反比

原先灌入75cmHg(=1atm),1mL的氣體
PV=1(注意P必須使用單位atm)
設灌氣後水銀高度h(cm)=內外壓力差(cmHg)=內外壓力差/75(atm)(單位換算)

灌氣後內部的P=(外部壓力-灌氣後水銀高度h)/75=(75-h)/75
(外部壓力=75cmHg)
灌氣後內部的V=85-灌氣後水銀高度h(因截面積1cm2)=(85-h)
PV=定值=1
(75-h)(85-h)/75=1
h=70cm(灌氣後水銀高度)

原水銀高度=75cm
75-70=5 (cm)

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